Exploring the Lived Experiences of Teachers Implementing or Preparing to Implement Artificial Intelligence at K-12 Schools in the United States: A Qualitative Phenomenological Study
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2023
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Abstract
Innovations in educational technology have resulted in a proliferation of applications powered by artificial intelligence (AI). The problem was K–12 teachers lacked sufficient experience and professional development opportunities to implement artificial intelligence in classroom environments effectively in the United States. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to explore K–12 teachers’ lived experiences related to implementing or preparing to implement artificial intelligence and the professional development needed for implementation. A gap in the literature exists regarding the impact of AI implementation in K–12 learning environments on Generation Alpha and related teacher professional development. Research questions were studied through the alignment of stages of concern from the concerns-based adoption model and the lens of constructivism. Teachers’ lived experiences with implementing or preparing to implement AI in K–12 learning environments and professional development opportunities were explored. Fifteen teachers working in the United States were recruited through a private social media group and postings. After completing an online questionnaire, participants responded to open-ended questions through a Google Form or during interviews. Data were transcribed and coded using a data analysis spiral approach. Resulting themes were analyzed to determine connections among participants’ lived experiences. Findings revealed that participants used AI-powered tools to save time on tasks. Participants experienced increased student engagement when AI was incorporated into learning environments. Professional development was limited and often self-initiated. Recommendations included districts investing in professional development and resources that promote responsible AI implementation. Reviewing and modifying policies to address AI were also recommended.
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